Abdominal muscle deficiency syndrome is a rather rare congenital syndrome poses great difficulties for the baby, so it is usually treated surgically. Find out everything about it.
As a general rule, abdominal muscle deficiency syndrome refers to a congenital disease that is rare among newborns. According to the studies, one case appears for every 30,000-40,000 births. Likewise, the vast majority of patients are male.
On the other hand, it is associated with a series of alterations that affect various systems of the subject. In addition, it can occur along with other additional congenital defects. Other names that this pathology receives is abdomen syndrome in prune or Eagle-Barret syndrome. Sometimes, it is also called triad syndrome because it is always associated with three problems:
- Dilated bladder and other alterations in the upper urinary tract, that is, the ureters and kidneys.
- Severe weakness of the abdominal muscles. There are clinical cases in which patients do not have that type of muscle.
- Testicles not descended into the testicular bag in a normal manner.
What are the causes of abdominal muscle deficiency syndrome?
Currently, the exact factors or triggers that favor the development of the syndrome are unknown. However, several clinical cases have been reviewed in families, which is why experts assume the presence of a genetic component.
Thus, during the development of pregnancy specialists think that an obstruction of the urethra can be the beginning of the disease. In this way, the urine could not advance and there would be a reflux to the bladder of the fetus.
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What are the symptoms?
As a general rule, patients present a series of signs that you can associate with this disorder. For example, among the most common symptoms we can highlight:
Alterations related to intestinal transit. Especially, constipation.
Problems coughing normally.
The abdominal area presents a wrinkled appearance and it can easily feel the urinary organs. Also, doctors observe the intestines and their characteristic movements (peristalsis).
Development of infections in the urinary tract frequently. These are very rare infections in children and in males of any age.
Absence of testicles.
Difficulty walking, sitting or standing upright. This symptom appears if undeveloped abdominal muscles appear.
How to diagnose it?
Normally the medical team uses a series of medical tests to identify this alteration and discard others with similar characteristics. Thus, the tests that they can carry out are:
Ultrasound during pregnancy. In the image obtained experts can see certain symptoms with the naked eye. It is the most frequent medical examination within the diagnosis of this pathology. Also, specialist perform an ultrasound of the kidneys to check its characteristics and functioning.
Voiding cystourethrogram (or VCUG). It is a kind of radiography that focuses on the urinary tract and shows if there is a reflux of urine in the patient.
Abdomen surgery.
Intravenous pyelogram (or IVP). It consists of a technique that uses radiography to analyze the urinary tract and the displacement of urine by them.
Other routine medical exams such as blood tests.
How to treat abdominal muscle deficiency syndrome?
First, the medical team will review the patient’s characteristics. For example, they take into account age, severity of symptoms, allergies to medications, etc. Next, the specialists present the most favorable therapies and their possible risks. Generally, they carry out the following treatment options:
- Administration of antibiotics as a way to prevent infections in the urinary system.
- Practice of surgical interventions. Among the most frequent surgeries we can find:
- Cystostomy
– It consists in the realization of a small opening in the bladder to evacuate the urine in the usual way.
– An operation in which the displaced testicles are placed inside the scrotum.
– Major surgery to repair the abdominal wall and part of the urinary system.
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